Nubwo turbine na moteri rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa muburyo bwa buri munsi, mubikorwa bya tekiniki ninganda ibisobanuro byabo nibikoreshwa biratandukanye. Ubusanzwe turbine bivuga umuyaga uri mumodoka cyangwa moteri yindege itezimbere imikorere ya moteri ukoresheje imyuka isohoka kugirango uhumeke umwuka wa moteri muri moteri. Imashini igizwe na disiki, igifuniko cy'uruziga, icyuma n'ibindi bice. Amazi azunguruka hamwe nuwihuta kumuvuduko mwinshi munsi yimikorere yicyuma. Gazi yibasiwe nimbaraga za centrifugal zo kuzunguruka no kwaguka gutembera muri moteri, bikemerera kunyura mumashanyarazi. Umuvuduko uri inyuma yabatwara uriyongera.
1. Ibisobanuro n'ibiranga turbine
Turbine ni imashini izunguruka ihindura imbaraga zumurimo ukora utemba mubikorwa byubukanishi. Nibimwe mubice byingenzi bigize moteri yindege, turbine ya gaz na turbine. Turbine isanzwe ikozwe mubyuma cyangwa ceramic kandi ikoreshwa muguhindura ingufu za kinetic mumazi mumashanyarazi. Igishushanyo n’ihame ryakazi rya turbine bigena imikoreshereze yabyo mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda, nkindege, ibinyabiziga, kubaka ubwato, imashini zubaka, nibindi.
Turbine isanzwe igizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi: igice cyinjira, igice cyo hagati nigice cyo gusohoka. Icyuma cyinjira mugice cyagutse kugirango kiyobore amazi hagati ya turbine, igice cyo hagati cyoroheje kugirango cyongere imikorere ya turbine, kandi ibyuma bisohoka bikoreshwa mugusunika amazi asigaye muri turbine. Turbocharger irashobora kongera imbaraga nimbaraga za moteri. Muri rusange, imbaraga n'umuriro wa moteri nyuma yo kongeramo turbocharger biziyongera 20% kugeza 30%. Nyamara, kwishyiriraho ibiciro nabyo bifite ibibi byayo, nka turbo lag, urusaku rwinshi, hamwe nibibazo byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
2. Ibisobanuro n'ibiranga abimura
Impeller bivuga disiki yibiziga ifite ibyuma bigenda, bikaba bigize rotor ya impulse steam turbine rotor. Irashobora kandi kwerekeza ku izina rusange rya disiki yiziga hamwe nicyuma kizunguruka cyashyizwemo. Abimura bashyirwa mubyiciro ukurikije imiterere yabyo no gufungura no gufunga ibintu, nkibifunga bifunze, icya kabiri gifunguye hamwe nicyuma gifungura. Igishushanyo noguhitamo ibikoresho byimuka biterwa nubwoko bwamazi akeneye gukora ninshingano ikeneye kurangiza.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyuwimura ni uguhindura ingufu za mashini yimuka yibanze mu mbaraga zumuvuduko uhoraho ningufu zumuvuduko wamazi akora. Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kuba gishobora gutwara no gutwara neza amazi arimo ibintu binini byanduye cyangwa fibre ndende, kandi bigomba kuba bifite imikorere myiza yo kurwanya gufunga no gukora neza. Guhitamo ibikoresho byimuka nabyo ni ngombwa cyane. Ibikoresho bikwiye bigomba gutoranywa ukurikije imiterere yuburyo bukora, nk'ibyuma bikozwe mu cyuma, ibyuma bidafite ingese, umuringa n'ibikoresho bitari ibyuma.
3. Kugereranya hagati ya turbine na moteri
Nubwo turbine na moteri byombi birimo guhindura ingufu za kinetic ingufu mungufu za mashini, zifite itandukaniro rikomeye mumahame yakazi, ibishushanyo, hamwe nibisabwa. Turbine isanzwe ifatwa nkikuramo ingufu mumodoka cyangwa moteri yindege byongera imikorere yumwuka wamavuta binyuze mumyuka isohoka, bityo imikorere ya moteri ikiyongera. Imashini itera imbaraga zihindura ingufu za mashini mungufu za kinetic zamazi binyuze mukuzunguruka, byongera umuvuduko wamazi, kandi bigira uruhare mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda, nko kuvoma amazi arimo ibice bikomeye.
Muri turbine, ibyuma mubisanzwe biroroshye kugirango bitange umwanya munini kandi bitange ingufu zikomeye. Muri moteri, ibyuma mubisanzwe birabyimbye kugirango bitange imbaraga zo guhangana no kwaguka. Mubyongeyeho, ibyuma bya turbine mubisanzwe byashizweho kugirango bizunguruke kandi bisohokane imbaraga, mugihe ibyuma bisunika bishobora guhagarara cyangwa kuzunguruka, bitewe nibisabwa2.
4 、 Umwanzuro
Kurangiza, hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mubisobanuro, ibiranga nibisabwa bya turbine na impellers. Turbine ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugutezimbere imikorere ya moteri yaka imbere, mugihe abayitwara bakoreshwa mugutwara no gutunganya amazi mumazi menshi yinganda. Igishushanyo cya turbine cyibanda ku mbaraga zidasanzwe no gukora neza gishobora gutanga, mugihe uwabitwaye ashimangira ubwizerwe nubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-06-2024
